改写方法汇总
agree/disagree
- 复述题目背景（小改）
- some people thinks that …(view) + I tend to agree with this view
- Although I agree that 反方的好处 I believe 正方更好
D&G
- 写背景句的原则和前一种写法相同;
- some people think that while others believe that ..
- 用People have different views about …在省略号里面概括题目讨论的话题
advantages and disadvantages
- I believe that the drawbacks（disadvantage） of this trend outweigh the benefit（advantage）
report （分析解释）
The trend of … is increasingly prevalent in modern society, sparking widespread debate.
D&G
- Some people argue that [viewpoint A], while others believe that [viewpoint B].
agree/disagree
- some people thinks that …(view) + I tend to agree with this view
- Although I agree that 反方的好处 I believe 正方更好
advantages and disadvantages
- I **believe that the drawbacks（**disadvantage） of this trend outweigh the benefit（advantage）
Body Paragraph 1 On the one hand, Those who support [viewpoint A] believe that [reason]. This is because [explanation], which can significantly [positive outcome]. A prime example of this is [specific example], where [illustration of the example].
Consequently, [viewpoint A] appears beneficial in situations where [condition]. Furthermore, [additional reason or elaboration], further solidifying the rationale behind this perspective.
Body Paragraph 2 On the other hand, critics of this view maintain that [viewpoint B]. One contributing factor is [reason], as this approach often leads to [result]. For instance, [example], which demonstrates how [supporting detail]. While it is undeniable that [acknowledgment of some merit in viewpoint A], [viewpoint B] provides a more comprehensive solution to [problem]. Thus, [viewpoint B] remains compelling in contexts where [specific scenario].
more … than … *and
what/how
When,
which *
thus ingf..
find it difficult to/making it
Such/ThisThereforeThis eventually
Conclusion
- agree/disagree
- In conclusion, while there are compelling arguments on both sides, I firmly believe that [your opinion]. This is because [reason supporting your viewpoint]. To sum up, finding a balance between [viewpoint A] and [viewpoint B] might offer the most effective approach, ensuring that [future implications]. Ultimately, it is essential for society to [suggestion or call to action].
- D&G
- in my opinion,提出自己的想法
- advantages and disadvantages
- 提出是advantages or disadvantages
思路
思路线索
- 技能 （提高） 效率
- 科技 （保障） 安全
- 权利 （对应） 责任
- 环境 （影响） 健康
- 就业 （获得） 财务
- 文化 （带来） 乐趣
论点展开
- what 什么意思
- so 所以呢
- why 为什么
支持句展开
- 因果展开 as a result/leads to…
- 对比展开 some person do…. ，while others do…
- 举例展开 for example…
- 假设展开 if… will
- 类比展开
- 分论点:Pupils in those schools have the opportunity to choose subjects freely.
- 它的支持句： For example, a higher proportion of girl。study science when they attend girls schools. Similarly, boys in single-sex schools are more likely to study languages.
- 用法说明：similarly表示“类似地”，它常用在句首，而且Similarly的后面通常都 有一个逗号 4
- 让步展开
- 分论点：Some advertising companies produce advertisements with famous actors or singers.
- 它的支持句： Many people buy products that their favorite actors or singers advertise, although they d’not really need the product
- 用法：although标识“尽管”，后面跟从句
- 下定义展开
- 论点：Some children are allowed to have whatever they want
- 支持句：This means that they grow up without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.
- 限定范围展开
- 分论点：Transporting food across countries wastes energy and pollutes the air
- 它的支持句： Specifically, trucks that -transport food to other countries use large amounts of fossil fuels. This means that they increase greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to global warming.
- 用法说明：Specifically, … “具体来说，……
语料积累
- surveillance violate our privacy 监控侵犯了我们的隐私
- Discriminations against disabled people 歧视残疾人
- In daily life we compete to get jobs or the highest grades, because competition is a natural instinct in humans 在日常生活中，人们为工作岗位和考试成绩而比拼，因为竞争是人类的天性
- Supporters of teams feel a sense of belonging to a community 归属感
- Competitors and fans can release energy and aggression 运动员和粉丝都可以释放能量和情绪
句式积累😊
模版句
表达观点
- In my opinion, …
- From my perspective, …
- I firmly believe that …
- It is my contention that …
开头句
…的现象增长的趋势
The increasing trend towards
The trend of .. is increasingly prevalent
prominent trend
引出例子
- For instance, …
- A prime example of this is …
- Take, for example, …
- To illustrate this point, …
比较和对比
- In contrast, …
- On the other hand, …
- Conversely, …
- Similarly, …
解释原因
- This is because …
- The main reason for this is …
- This can be attributed to …
- One contributing factor is …
表达结果
- As a result, …
- Consequently, …
- Therefore, …
- This leads to …
引出反面观点
- Some people argue that …
- It is often claimed that …
- Critics of this view say that …
- An opposing argument is that …
总结
- In conclusion, …
- To sum up, …
- Overall, …
- In summary, …
连接词积累
- 顺序
- Firstly, secondly, thirdly, …
- To begin with, …
- Finally, …
- 添加信息
- Moreover, …
- Furthermore, …
- Additionally, …
- Besides, …
- As such
- 对比
- However, …
- On the contrary, …
- In contrast, …
- Nevertheless, …
- Conversely
- 因果关系
- Therefore, …
- Consequently, …
- As a result, …
- Thus, …
- 例子和说明
- For example, …
- For instance, …
- Such as, …
- To illustrate, …
- 强调
- Indeed, …
- In fact, …
- Certainly, …
- Undoubtedly, …
短语积累
resident population本地居民
charge the same price 支付统一价格
insufficient funding 不足的资金
in a particular nation 特定的国家
dominate the market 占据市场
raise the quality 提升质量
prove themselves 证明自己
have huge budgets 有巨大的资金
becoming more competitive in the market.具有竞争力
every effort should be made to 应该尽一切努力
exhibited the most rapid growth in 2016, with a substantial increase of 15.3%.
general quality of life 总体生活质量
have no right to 没有权利做
reliable alternatives = equally effective alternative 信赖的替代方案
non-medical products 非医药产品
medical treatment 医疗救助
下降
- decrease
- decline
- drop
- a slump in
- a reduction in
- experience a downturn
增长
- peak（顶点）rich a~
- substantial increase
- rise
- upward trend
- a boom in /dramatical rise in
表示问题的短语
- Environmental degradation
- Loss of biodiversity
- Global warming
- Climate change
表示原因的短语
- Due to
- Owing to
- Because of
- As a result of
表示结果的短语
- Lead to
- Result in
- Give rise to
- Cause
表示观点的短语
- It is widely believed that
- There is no doubt that
- It is evident that
- It is widely accepted that
除此之外
- with the exception of
表示解决方案的短语
- In order to
- So as to
- With the aim of
- To tackle this issue
同义替换
大量的
- Abundant
- Plentiful
- Profuse
- Substantial
- Numerous
- Extensive
- Considerable
不可或缺的
- Indispensable
- Essential
- Vital
- Crucial
- Imperative
- Necessary
- Fundamental
- Key
- Integral
重要的
- Significant
- Important
- Critical
- Paramount
- Major
- Noteworthy
- Essential
- Influential
- Salient
- Central
随着..快速发展
With the rapid advancement of
accelerated development of
at an unprecedented(前所未有的) rate
比例
content/percentage/propotion
largest/highest
smallest/lowest
followed by …with…占比第二大
showing a slight increase of 3%.
The relative order of export values among the categories remained largely unchanged.各类别出口价值的相对顺序基本保持不变。
图表
- Bar chart 柱状图
- pie chart 饼图
C14-t1-大作文
Some people believe that it is best to accept a bad situation,such as an unsatisfactory job or shortage of money. Others argue that it is better to try and improve such situations.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Recently, many people have been discussing whether it is necessary to accept an unfavorable situation, such as a poor work environment or insufficient compensation. While some believe that it is best to endure these conditions for the sake of stability, others argue that it is better to strive for improvement. In this essay, I will discuss both views and provide my own opinion.
To begin with, accepting a less favorable environment can contribute to a more stable life. In today’s challenging job market, finding a truly satisfactory job can be difficult. Opting to seek better employment may entail the risk of unemployment, which negatively impacts one’s standard of living. Additionally, jobs with lower salaries often come with shorter working hours and less stress, allowing individuals to enjoy more leisure time and thus enhancing their overall happiness. For example, a friend of mine chose to stay in a lower-paying job because it allowed her to spend more time with her family, ultimately leading to a more balanced and fulfilling life.
Conversely, pursuing a better job can have significant benefits for one’s physical and mental health. A good working environment typically involves less physical labor, reducing the risk of work-related injuries. Moreover, with higher earnings, individuals have greater financial resources to address health issues. Furthermore, engaging in a job that one enjoys can lead to greater job satisfaction, prevent boredom, and improve daily mood, ultimately contributing to long-term well-being. For instance, another acquaintance of mine switched to a job that aligned with his passions. Although the transition was challenging, he now enjoys better mental health and greater career satisfaction.
In summary, while there are risks associated with seeking a more satisfactory job, such as potential unemployment, I believe that in the long run, striving for a fulfilling career can lead to a more secure and happier life. The benefits of improved health, greater job satisfaction, and financial stability outweigh the temporary challenges one might face during the transition. Therefore, it is worth the effort to pursue better job opportunities and not settle for less favorable situations.
C14-t1-小作文
The pie charts（饼图） illustrate the average content/percentage/propotion of three types of nutrients, sodium, saturated fat and added sugar, in typical daily meals, namely breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks, eaten in the USA.
Initially, when we look at the breakfast and lunch segments of each chart, it seems that throughout all three nutrients have approximately the same value(保持不变).（给出具体数字解释，拓展） Breakfast shows 14%(sodium),16%(saturated fat)and 16%(added sugar), whereas lunch was 29%, 26%and 19%.
Moving on to the other two meals, we can clearly see that there was a much greater variety.Dinner ranged from 43%to 23%and snacks had the inverse trend, ranging from 14% to 42%.
Overall, from the charts it seems that the dinner is the least healthy meal with snacks being not far behind. Breakfast comes out as the healthiest meal to eat, with lunch being somewhere in the middle.
c14-t2-大作文
Some people say that the main environmental problem of our time is the loss of particular species of plants and animals. Others say that there are more important environmental problems.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
In recent times, environmental issues have garnered significant attention. Some argue that the primary environmental challenge we face today is the extinction (灭绝)of specific species of flora and fauna, while others contend that there are more pressing environmental concerns. Both perspectives have their merits and demerits, and this essay will discuss both views before presenting my own opinion.
On one hand, the loss of biodiversity due to the extinction of certain plants and animals can have dire consequences for the environment. Biodiversity plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems. For example, the extinction of a predator species can lead to the overpopulation of its prey, which in turn may cause the depletion of vegetation and disrupt the entire food chain（食物链）. This ecological imbalance can result in the degradation of habitats and the loss of other species, thereby exacerbating（加剧） environmental problems. Additionally, many plants and animals contribute significantly to the health of our ecosystems by purifying air and water, pollinating plants, and decomposing organic matter. The loss of these species can therefore undermine the natural processes that sustain life on Earth.
On the other hand, it can be argued that the most pressing environmental issues are those directly caused by human activities, such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change. Industrialization（工业化）, for instance, has led to the emission of vast amounts of greenhouse gases, resulting in global warming and climate change. The effects of climate change, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and shifts in weather patterns, **pose a severe threat （构成严重威胁）**to both the environment and human societies. Furthermore, pollution from industrial and agricultural activities contaminates air, water, and soil, posing health risks to humans and wildlife alike. Deforestation, driven by the need for agricultural land and urban development, leads to habitat loss, reduced carbon sequestration, and increased soil erosion.
In conclusion, **while the **extinction of certain species is undoubtedly a significant environmental issue, I believe that the broader and more immediate threats come from human-induced activities such as industrial pollution, deforestation, and climate change. These issues not only threaten biodiversity but also directly impact human health and the stability of our planet’s ecosystems. Therefore, it is crucial to address these human-induced problems with urgency and concerted global efforts（严重的紧迫的集体努力）.
C14-t2-小作文
The bar chart illustrates the value of one country’s exports in five different categories (Petroleum products, Engineered goods, Gems and jewellery, Agricultural products, and Textiles) for the years 2015 and 2016. The table shows the percentage change in export values for these categories in 2016 compared to 2015.
Overall, most categories experienced growth in export value from 2015 to 2016, with the exception of Gems and jewellery, which saw a decline. The order of the categories in terms of export value remained relatively consistent over the two years.
In 2015, Petroleum products had the highest export value, at approximately $60 billion, followed by Engineered goods at around $55 billion. By 2016, Petroleum products still led in export value, showing a slight increase of 3% to about $61.8 billion. Engineered goods also saw a significant rise of approximately 8.5%, reaching nearly $59.8 billion, becoming more competitive in the market.
Gems and jewellery was the only category to experience a downturn, with a dramatic decrease of 5.18%, dropping from $42 billion to about $39.8 billion. In contrast, Agricultural products maintained a stable export value, with a minimal increase of 0.81%, remaining around $31 billion. Textiles, although the lowest in terms of export earnings in 2015 at $25 billion, exhibited the most rapid growth in 2016**, with a substantial increase** of 15.24%, reaching nearly $28.75 billion.
In summary, from 2015 to 2016, almost all types of exports saw an upward trend in value, making them more valuable, except for Gems and jewellery, which became less popular. The relative order of export values among the categories remained largely unchanged.
c14-t4-大作文
Nowadays many people choose to be self-employed, rather than to work for a company or organisation.
Why might this be the case?
What could be the disadvantages of being self-employed?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience
The shift towards self-employment has become a prominent trend in contemporary society, influenced by a confluence of factors（various factors）. The digital revolution has democratized access to information and markets, enabling individuals to leverage online platforms to launch and manage their businesses with relative ease. This technological empowerment, coupled with the desire for autonomy and the pursuit（追求） of personal fulfillment, has driven many to eschew（回避） traditional employment in favor of self-employment.
However, the path of the self-employed is fraught with challenges. The absence of a steady paycheck and the lack of employer-provided benefits such as health insurance and retirement contributions（退休金） can lead to financial insecurity. Moreover, the self-employed must navigate the complexities of business operations alone, from managing cash flow to adapting to market fluctuations, which can be daunting without the support structure of a traditional workplace.
Furthermore, the suitability of self-employment varies greatly among individuals. Those with a strong entrepreneurial spirit and a knack for business may thrive, while others may struggle to sustain their ventures. The resilience required to weather the ups and downs of self-employment is not inherent in everyone, and the risk of failure can be significant.
In conclusion, while self-employment offers the promise of freedom and the potential for greater financial rewards, it is not without its pitfalls. It demands a unique set of skills and a certain temperament to succeed. As such, the decision to embark on a self-employed career path should be made with careful consideration of one’s capabilities and the inherent risks involved.
范文 agree/disagree
Some people believe that artists should always be given the freedom to express their ideas. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (Agree or Disagree型)
Some people think that artists should always be free to express their ideas. Although I agree that artists’ freedom of expression is important, I do not think that they should always be able to express their ideas without restrictions.
Artistic freedom of expression is important to the development of art and culture. Only when artists do not feel restricted in creating their works, such as musicals, sculptures or photographs, is it possible for them to produce truly original works of 125 art. Their freedom of expression is therefore crucial for art to develop instead of repeating itself. Also, art is one of the most creative and diverse parts of a nation’s culture. To protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions, governments should respect artists’ freedom to choose how to express their ideas and emotions.
On the other hand, some rules set by governments to limit the freedom of artists may be useful. Some methods or forms of artistic expression are not widely accepted by the general public. By limiting artists’ freedom to use these methods or forms, governments protect the people who are likely to find these artistic expressions unacceptable or offensive. For example, the film rating system that is used in some countries helps to prevent violent or sexual images from reaching the audience who may be negatively affected by them.
In conclusion, while I agree that artists’ freedom to express their ideas should be respected and protected, I believe that there should be effective measures to ensure such freedom does not pose a threat to social order or to other citizens’ well-being.
范文 D&G
Some people think that giving aid to poor countries has positive effects, while others believe that international aid should be stopped. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
People have different views about whether or not international aid should be continued.
Those who support international aid believe that it can benefit poor countries as well as rich ones. International aid contributes to infrastructure improvements in poor countries. For example, the World Bank, whose key members are mostly rich countries, provides poor countries with low-interest loans each year. These countries can improve their infrastructure, such as schools, hospitals and public transport systems, with the loans. In the poorest countries, international financial aid and food aid can help to save lives because in these countries, many people suffer from starvation and lack basic health care. Rich countries that provide generous aid to poor countries are also regarded as responsible members of the international community and are respected by other countries.
People who think that international aid should be stopped tend to focus on the negative effects it may have. A common concern is its fairness. Even in the most developed countries, there are people living below the poverty line. Government spending on aid for poor people in other countries may be unfair to poor people in their own country. Some aid is even used to serve purposes for which is not intended. For instance, in some countries, foreign aid has been used by their government to purchase weapons or has led to more corruption. Sometimes countries that receive international aid also find the aid unfair because it is tied to political objectives.
Personally, I think it is important that the aid provided is used for the intended purpose. If the donor country cannot ensure this, then the aid should be reduced, if not stopped altogether
范文 利弊
In many countries, the proportion of elderly people is increasing. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?
The proportion of elderly people in the population is rising in many countries. I think this trend creates more problems than benefits for society.
An ageing population places a heavy burden on the social welfare system. The more retired people there are in a society, the more claims are made for state pensions. Governments will have to increase funds for the public pension system, while reducing funds for other social programmes, such as support for low-income families, unemployment benefits and student loans. This will also lead to a heavy burden on taxpayers because the proportion of people who work and pay taxes will be smaller.
A higher proportion of elderly people in the population is also likely to cause labour shortages. This will reduce productivity, damage the economy and result in rising labour costs. To cover higher labour costs, businesses will have to raise the prices of their products and services, and then pass on this burden to consumers. As a result, the cost of living will rise while people’s standard of living will decline.
It is true that an ageing population may lead to an increase in the demand for healthcare workers, and therefore may create jobs in healthcare-related fields such as nursing and pharmacy. However, compared with the negative effects that population ageing would have on other industries, the growth in healthcare-related jobs would be insignificant.
In conclusion, although the rising proportion of elderly people is a result of progress in health care and improvement in the standard of living, I believe that the overall impact of population ageing on the social welfare system, the healthcare system and the economy is negative