2023年12月六级

第一套

  • Passage One

    文章开头: One of the great successes of the Republican Party in recent decades is the relentless propagation of a simple formula for economic growth: tax cuts.

    答案速查: 46-50 BCABA

      1. Why does the formula of tax cuts remain popular though ineffective?

        为什么减税方案虽然无效，但仍然很受欢迎？

      B) There seem to be no other options available to replace it.

      B) 似乎没有其他选择可以取代它

      1. What does the author think is a more effective measure for driving economic growth in the U.S?

        作者认为什么是推动美国经济增长的更有效措施？

      C) Increasing the compensation for labor

      C) 提高劳动报酬

      1. What is the logic underlying the author’s viewpoint?

        作者观点的逻辑是什么？

      A) The growth of workers’ paychecks ultimately boosts the nation’s economy

      A) 工人薪水的增长最终会促进国家经济的发展

      1. What is the basis for higher wages according to the conventional wisdom?

        根据传统观点，提高工资的基础是什么？

      B) Increase in productivity

      B) 提高生产力

      1. What do we learn about things in the real world in America for the past 50 years or so?

        我们从过去大约50年间美国的实际情况中学到了什么？

      A) People have failed to see a corresponding increase in wages and in productivity

      A) 人们没有看到工资和生产力的相应增长

    Passage Two

    文章开头: Journal editors decide what gets published and what doesn’t, affecting the careers of other academics and influencing the direction that a field takes.

    答案速查: 51-55 DCBAD

      1. What would we expect an editorial board of an academic journal to exhibit in view of its important responsibilities?

        鉴于学术期刊编辑委员会的重要职责，我们希望他们表现出什么？

      D) Diversity

      D) 多样性

      1. What do we learn from the findings of a new study in Nature Neuroscience?

        我们从《自然神经科学》一项新研究的发现中学到了什么？

      C) The editorial boards of the most important journals in psychology and neuroscience are male-dominated

      C) 心理学和神经科学领域最重要的期刊编辑委员会由男性主导

      1. What fact does the author highlight concerning the gender differences in editors of psychology journals?

        作者强调了心理学期刊编辑的性别差异的哪个事实？

      B) The number of female editors was simply disproportionate to that of women engaged in psychology research

      B) 女性编辑的数量与从事心理学研究的女性人数不成比例

      1. What can we infer from the conclusion drawn by the team of the new study on the basis of their findings?

        我们可以从新研究团队基于其发现得出的结论中推断出什么？

      A) Women’s views are underrepresented in the editorial boards of top psychology and neuroscience journals

      A) 女性的观点在顶级心理学和神经科学期刊的编辑委员会中代表性不足

      1. What does the author suggest we do instead of simply blaming the inequality of editorial boards on tradition?

        作者建议我们做什么，而不是简单地将编辑委员会的不平等归咎于传统？

      D) Implement overall structural reforms

      D) 实施全面的结构性改革

第二套

Passage 1

文章开头: Research is meant to benefit…

答案速查: 46-50 DABAC

    1. How can research serve its full purpose according to the author?

      根据作者的说法，研究如何才能充分发挥其作用？

    D) With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle

    D) 通过将其发现正确地传播到学术圈之外

    1. Why do ordinary readers find it difficult to access the results of researchers’ studies?

      为什么普通读者难以获取研究人员的研究结果？

    A) They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results

    A) 他们无法理解用于报告这些结果的学术语言

    1. What is one of the reasons some researchers won’t prioritise communicating their findings to the public?

      为什么一些研究人员不会优先考虑将他们的发现传达给公众？

    B) Their top consideration is to win tenure

    B) 他们最重要的考虑是获得终身教职

    1. How can sharing findings benefit researchers themselves?

      分享研究结果如何有利于研究人员自己？

    A) By helping them to identify new research directions

    A) 帮助他们确定新的研究方向

    1. Why are researchers advised to engage the services of professional writers or communication officers?

    2. 为什么建议研究人员聘请专业作家或传播官？

    C) To make their publications correctly understood by the public

    C) 使公众正确理解他们的出版物

Passage 2

文章开头: Spiders make their presence felt in late August and through early autumn…

答案速查: 51-55 ABCBD

    1. What do we learn about spiders in the UK since the middle ages?

      自中世纪以来，我们了解到关于英国蜘蛛的什么情况？

    A) They have been generally misconceived

    A) 它们通常被误解

    1. What have spiders been associated with in the UK for centuries?

      几个世纪以来，蜘蛛在英国与什么联系在一起？

    B) Evil

    B) 邪恶

    1. What partly accounts for the reduction in spiders’ food supply?

      导致蜘蛛食物供应减少的部分原因是什么？

    C) Chemicals used for killing insects

    C) 用于杀虫的化学药品

    1. What does the passage say is conservationists’ biggest worry?

      文章说保护主义者最大的担忧是什么？

    B) Certain species of spiders are endangered due to loss of their natural homes

    B) 由于失去自然栖息地，某些种类的蜘蛛濒临灭绝

    1. What wish does the author express close to the end of the passage?

      作者在文章结尾表达了什么愿望？

    D) There would be more people appreciating spiders’ splendour

    D) 希望有更多的人欣赏蜘蛛的美丽

第三套

passage 1

    1. 答案速查:CCDBA

    46.What do we learn about singer and actress Selena Gomez in the past four and a half years? C) She has refrained from using social media

    C） 她没有使用社交媒体

    47.Why does actively opting out of using the internet becomea matter of privilege? D) Most people can hardly get by without the internet due to growing digitization.

    D） 随着数字化的发展，大多数人离不开互联网。

    48.Why does the author say “witnessing companies…feelsparticularly irritating"(Lines3-5,Para.6)?

    D) Most families in the UK do not have stabler broad band connections.

    D） 英国的大多数家庭都没有稳定的宽带连接。

    49.What is worth bearing in mind concerning social media platforms?

    B) They help many people feel connected with others.

    50.What does the author think is really important for thoseliving in digital exclusion? A) Having access to the internet.

    A） 可以上网。

    Passage Two 文章开头:Psychologists have long been in disagreement as towhether competition is a learned or a genetic component ofhuman behavior. 答案速查: 51-55 DDCBD 51.D) The impact of competition.

    51.D）竞争的影响。

    52.D)Satisfy their own desires while observing sociaconventions.

    52.D）在遵守社会习俗的同时满足自己的欲望。

    53.C)lt is free from the rational intervention of humans

    53.C）它不受人类的理性干预

    54.B) Struggles for survival do not exclude mutual support.

    54.B）为生存而斗争并不排除相互支持

    55.D)People’s attitude towards competitionis actually culture-bound.

    55.D）人们对竞争的态度实际上受到文化的约束

**2022 12 月四级真题 **

第一套

Passage 1

文章开头: What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?

答案速查: 46-50 A, D, C, A, C

    1. What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?

    2. 作者说我们吃的鱼有什么显著特点？

    A) They reproduce quickly

    A) 它们繁殖迅速

    1. What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?

    2. 如果我们以当前的速度继续消费鱼类，我们需要做什么？

    D) Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously

    D) 不断扩大养鱼规模

    1. What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?

    2. 作者对中国的水产食品有什么看法？

    C) It raises more fish than caught from the wild

    C) 它养殖的鱼比从野外捕捞的多

    1. Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?

    2. 作者为什么说水产养殖如今如此重要？

    A) It is a must for feeding the world’s fast-growing population

    A) 它是养活世界快速增长人口的必需品

    1. What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet?

    2. 作者说水产养殖不是灵丹妙药是什么意思？

    C) Fish-farming may cause serious problems too

    C) 养鱼也可能会引起严重问题

Passage 2

文章开头: What does the WEP’s winning of the Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?

答案速查: 51-55 D, B, A, B, C

    1. What does the WEP’s winning of the Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?

    2. 世界粮食计划署获得诺贝尔和平奖让我们意识到了什么？

    D) It is morally wrong to think helping the poor is not our business

    D) 认为帮助穷人不是我们的事在道德上是错误的

    1. What do we learn about the WEP’s effort to eliminate hunger?

    2. 我们了解到世界粮食计划署消除饥饿的努力是什么？

    B) It is still far from its goal despite the progress made

    B) 尽管取得了进展，但它离目标仍然很远

    1. What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?

    2. 当食物援助是有代价的时候会发生什么？

    A) The rich will become richer and the poor poorer

    A) 富人会变得更富，穷人会变得更穷

    1. How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?

    2. 科学家如何帮助应对贫困和饥饿？

    B) By sharing expertise with peers in poverty-stricken nations

    B) 通过与贫困国家的同行分享专业知识

    1. What message does the author try to convey at the end of the passage?

    2. 作者在文章结尾试图传达什么信息？

    C) Poor nations should enhance their own ability to solve their food shortages

    C) 贫穷国家应该提高自己解决食物短缺问题的能力

第二套

Passage 1

文章开头: Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated…

答案速查: 46-50 DABAC

    1. What characterizes Japanese and Chinese foods?

      日本和中国食物的特点是什么？

    A) Variety

    A) 多样性

    1. What is typical of Americans in the way of eating?

      美国人的饮食方式有什么典型特点？

    B) They tend to eat quite a lot

    B) 他们倾向于吃得很多

    1. What features in Mediterranean, Nordic and Okinawan diets?

      地中海、北欧和冲绳的饮食有什么特点？

    C) Seasonal local produce

    C) 季节性当地产品

    1. What do people in most healthy eating cultures have in common?

      大多数健康饮食文化中的人们有什么共同点？

    D) They attach great importance to their meals

    D) 他们非常重视自己的饮食

    1. Compared with the average American, people in healthy societies…

      与普通美国人相比，健康社会中的人们…

    B) do considerably more walking

    B) 走路更多

Passage 2

文章开头: Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated…

答案速查: 51-55 DDCBD

    1. What is the finding of the new study?

    2. 新研究的发现是什么？

    C) People who are aware of others’ feelings may experience more stress

    C) 意识到他人感受的人可能会经历更多的压力

    1. What was the purpose of psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt’s experiment?

    2. 心理学家米里亚姆·贝克托尔特的实验目的是什么？

    B) To assess the impacts of being emotionally clever

    B) 评估情绪聪明的影响

    1. What does the finding of Myriam Bechtoldt’s study indicate?

    2. 米里亚姆·贝克托尔特研究的发现表明什么？

    D) People may suffer from having a high emotional intelligence

    D) 情绪智商高的人可能会遭受痛苦

    1. What do we learn about emotional intelligence from a number of studies?

    2. 我们从许多研究中了解到关于情绪智商的什么？

    A) Some people may take advantage of it and benefit themselves

    A) 一些人可能会利用它并使自己受益

    1. What does the author suggest sensitive individuals do?

    2. 作者建议敏感的个人做什么？

    A) Avoid burdening themselves with others’ feelings

    A) 避免让自己承担他人的情感

第三套

Passage 1

文章开头: Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated…

答案速查: 46-50 DABAC

    1. What has Bill Thomas been doing for a quarter of a century?

      比尔·托马斯已经做了四分之一世纪的什么事情？

    D) Shifting people’s perspective on aging

    D) 改变人们对老龄化的看法

    1. Why did Bill Thomas try something different in the nursing home?

      为什么比尔·托马斯在养老院尝试不同的事情？

    A) He wanted to make it more pleasant for seniors

    A) 他想让老年人更愉快

    1. What do we learn about Bill Thomas bringing animals and plants into the nursing home?

      我们了解到比尔·托马斯把动物和植物带入养老院的情况是什么？

    D) He acted in violation of the state law

    D) 他违反了州法律

    1. What has Bill Thomas been persistently advocating?

      比尔·托马斯一直在坚持倡导什么？

    C) Getting old is by no means something miserable

    C) 变老绝不是一件痛苦的事

    1. How is Bill Thomas’s new concept received?

      比尔·托马斯的新概念如何被接受？

    A) It is gaining ground in many countries

    A) 在许多国家正在得到认可

Passage 2

文章开头: Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated…

答案速查: 51-55 ABCBD

    1. What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries?

      我们可以从发达国家的饮食研究中学到什么？

    B) People from different social groups vary in their dietary habits

    B) 不同社会群体的人们在饮食习惯上有所不同

    1. What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health?

      作者认为在制定改善饮食和健康的政策时，什么是重要的？

    A) A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health

    A) 更好地了解社会阶层与健康之间的关系

    1. What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households?

      研究揭示了食物不安全家庭的成年人什么情况？

    D) They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills

    D) 他们并不缺乏食品知识或预算技能

    1. What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada?

      什么可以帮助改善加拿大弱势群体的粮食安全？

    C) Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods

    C) 使他们能够获得更多的营养食品

    1. What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health?

      作者建议弱势群体做什么来改善他们的健康？

    B) Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable

    B) 选择既健康又负担得起的饮食